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Terrestrial ecology is the study of how land-based organisms interact with each other and their environment. This can include everything from the molecular makeup of soil to the migratory patterns of birds. Studies tend to focus, however, on the diversity, distribution, and population of species.

11333 Results for the subject "Terrestrial Ecology":

CHAPTER 1 - The Merging of Metapopulation Theory and Marine Ecology: Establishing the Historical Context

Publisher SummaryThe Merging of Metapopulation Theory and Marine Ecology This chapter considers three general explanations for the pattern of use of metapopulation ideas in marine ecology. The chapter examines whether there are fundamental differences between marine and terrestrial systems that limit the use of theory developed primarily in one context for use in the other context. Such an examination is done through a critical assessment of how metapopulation theory is used in terrestrial ecology and suggests likely differences in the application of metapopulation theory to marine systems. The slow adoption of a metapopulation paradigm in marine ecology might have been a direct consequence of the pattern of development of ideas. Questions in marine ecology have been explored, and the extent to which marine environmental management and conservation may have helped initiate and now continue to drive the application of metapopulation theory has been examined. Although it might be logical Read more...

PETER F. SALE Publication date: 2006/01/01
Research updateA.F.W. Schimper: from the ‘oecology of plant distribution’ to the ‘functional ecology of terrestrial ecosystems’

AbstractThe Schimper Symposium was held at the Annual Conference of the Ecological Society of Germany, Austria and Switzerland (Gesellschaft für Ökologie), Basle, Switzerland, from 27 to 31 August 2001.

Nina Buchmann Publication date: 2002/03/01
Relating ranging ecology, limb length, and locomotor economy in terrestrial animals

AbstractEcomorphological analyses have identified a number of important evolutionary trends in vertebrate limb design, but the relationships between daily travel distance, locomotor ecology, and limb length in terrestrial animals remain poorly understood. In this paper I model the net rate of energy intake as a function of foraging efficiency, and thus of locomotor economy; improved economy leads to greater net energy intake. However, the relationship between locomotor economy and net intake is highly dependent on foraging efficiency; only species with low foraging efficiencies experience strong selection pressure for improved locomotor economy and increased limb length. Examining 237 terrestrial species, I find that nearly all taxa obtain sufficiently high foraging efficiencies that selection for further increases in economy is weak. Thus selection pressures for increased economy and limb length among living terrestrial animals may be relatively weak and similar in magnitude across ec Read more...

Herman Pontzer Publication date: 2012/03/07
Chapter 15 - Terrestrial ecology

No abstract

G.E. FOGG Publication date: 1973/01/01
Biotic interactions in Antarctic terrestrial ecosystems: Are they a factor?

AbstractAntarctic terrestrial ecosystems are noted for their relative simplicity and limited trophic structure. In this context, knowledge of biotic interactions in structuring terrestrial soil communities would seem beneficial from a theoretical perspective as well as from a conservation perspective. Unfortunately, although biotic interactions are generally seen as being insignificant in these unique ecosystems, this view is based upon few explicit studies and very little is known of the role that biotic interactions may play. Accordingly, we review our current understanding of these interactions, including analogues from other appropriate ecosystems. On the basis of this review, we conclude that: (1) Antarctic terrestrial systems are predominantly abiotically-driven systems; and (2) a network of manipulative field and laboratory experiments are needed for establishing any role for biotic interactions in structuring Antarctic soil environments.

Ian D. Hogg Publication date: 2006/10/01
Strengthening statistical usage in marine ecology

AbstractAlthough within their own disciplines, the statistical, social science, medical, and terrestrial ecology literatures are replete with accounts of the widespread misapplication and misuse of statistical testing and interpretation, awareness of these issues is weak among marine scientists who are not statisticians, but whose work is nonetheless situated within the expanse of marine ecology. Moreover, the major recent developments in statistical approaches in these fields are, as yet, poorly-represented in the marine ecological literature. We present a non-technical review of (1) the most fundamental, yet pervasive, problems concerning classical statistics, with suggestions for improved practice, (2) alternate, often more appropriate and intuitive, approaches to statistical design and interpretation, and (3) the crucial roles of reviewers, and especially of editors and editorial boards. It is hoped that increasing the awareness of these issues will strengthen statistical usage in Read more...

Peter G. Beninger Publication date: 2012/09/01
Theoretical ecology as etiological from the start

Highlights•Discusses the conceptual evolution leading to the development of modern theoretical ecology.•Tracks early ecologists’ shift away from teleological metaphysics.•Elucidates a heuristic role of teleological metaphor via analysis of Hutchinson’s “Circular Causal Systems in Ecology” (1948).•Challenges enduring literalist construals of teleological characterizations employed in contemporary ecological literature.•Endorses a deflationary, ‘etiological,’ interpretation of teleological characterizations in ecology.

Justin Donhauser Publication date: 2016/12/01
ReviewPlants, viruses and the environment: Ecology and mutualism

Highlights•Virus biodiversity studies show enormous, largely unknown diversity.•Plant virus ecology is intricately linked to the ecology of insect vectors.•Viruses impact the evolution and ecology of their plant hosts.

Marilyn J. Roossinck Publication date: 2015/05/01
ReviewPulsed resources and community dynamics of consumers in terrestrial ecosystems

AbstractMany terrestrial ecosystems are characterized by intermittent production of abundant resources for consumers, such as mast seeding and pulses of primary production following unusually heavy rains. Recent research is revealing patterns in the ways that consumer communities respond to these pulsed resources. Studies of the ramifying effects of pulsed resources on consumer communities integrate ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ approaches to community dynamics, and illustrate how the strength of species interactions can change dramatically through time.

Richard S. Ostfeld Publication date: 2000/06/01
EditorialPolitical-industrial ecology: Integrative, complementary, and critical approaches

Abstract“Political-industrial ecology” has been proposed as an emerging subfield of nature-society geography. In mapping out the landscape of this subfield, this paper develops a typology of three approaches to connecting politics and industrial ecology: (1) Integrative research that incorporates social, political, policy, institutional, and/or spatial considerations into industrial ecology analyses (“politics in industrial ecology”); (2) Complementary research that couples findings or frameworks from industrial ecology with social and political research (“politics and industrial ecology”); and (3) Critical research that examine how values, norms, groups, political relations, or institutions shape the production, interpretation, and usage of industrial ecology knowledge (“politics of industrial ecology”). This broad framing of political-industrial ecology invites contributions from many social sciences, including political ecology, political geography, political economy Read more...

Hanna L. Breetz Publication date: 2017/10/01
Chapter 2 - Feeding Ecology Tools to Assess Contaminant Exposure in Coastal Mammals

AbstractFeeding ecology is a primary driver of contaminant exposure for mammalian species, thus tools to quantify diet and habitat use are a key component of many ecotoxicological studies. In this chapter, we discuss the fate and transport of contaminants to coastal ecosystems and review the feeding ecology tools available for coastal mammals, a group comprised of marine mammals and terrestrial mammals that rely on marine-derived resources. We highlight these ecological connections related to contaminants, focusing on stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur for elucidating trophic and nontrophic interactions with contaminant exposure and tissue concentrations. In addition, we discuss tools that can be used alone or in conjunction with the aforementioned stable isotopes to describe the feeding ecology of individuals, populations, or species. Our mission is to expose readers to a nonlinear view of contaminant sources and transport to coastal ecosystems and to facilitate the use o Read more...

Elizabeth A. McHuron Publication date: 2018/01/01
Chapter 12 - Microplastics in the Terrestrial Environment

AbstractPlastic waste is ubiquitously found in the terrestrial environment. However, little attention has been paid to the sources and environmental fate of terrestrial microplastics (MPs). Given that the terrestrial environment is home to the human race, it is essential to understand the occurrence, fate, and effects of MPs in the terrestrial environment. In addition, terrestrial MPs are a nonnegligible input of MP pollution to the oceans. This chapter provides an overview of the sources, distribution, and biological effects of terrestrial MPs and further illustrates their contribution to marine MP pollution. Because of the scarcity of literature data on MPs in the terrestrial environment, this chapter focuses on plastic particles in soil, terrestrial biota, and sewage sludge. Agricultural application of plastic products and general disposal by the general population lead to the widespread occurrence of plastic wastes in soil. Sewage sludge is also an important contributor of MPs in s Read more...

Lei Mai Publication date: 2018/01/01
Indigenous tropical ecology

AbstractTwo major works on the ecology of Sumatra and Sulawesi two of the world's great tropical islands, have appeared relatively recently. These volumes represent the rarest of genres in tropical ecology: works of indigenous origin with an indigenous audience in mind. An examination of these exciting books prompts us to examine a wider literature on tropical ecology.

Roger Kitching Publication date: 1989/03/01
PaperTypes of industrial ecology: The problem of coordination

AbstractIndustrial ecology initiatives have in common the fact that they cross company boundaries, necessitating the coordination of the activities of several economic actors. This article focusses on this coordination problem. Based on organizational sociological concepts, four types of industrial ecology activities are distinguished. Each has its own characteristic coordination problem. From this typology, conclusions are drawn concerning the way in which industrial ecology initiatives can, and should, be stimulated.

F.A.A. Boons Publication date: 1997/01/01
The birth of language ecology: interdisciplinary influences in Einar Haugen's “The ecology of language”

Highlights•The article critically examines Einar Haugen's seminal approach to language ecology.•The gradual diffusion of the term ‘ecology’ from biology to linguistics is traced.•The immediate roots of language ecology are in sociology rather than biology.•Haugen experiences severe troubles in transposing biological notions to language.•Despite deficiencies, Haugen's approach opens up important prospects for linguistics.

Stig Eliasson Publication date: 2015/07/01
Urban ecology, stakeholders and the future of ecology

Highlights•A research agenda for urban ecology was built by scientists and stakeholders.•Questions on biodiversity, ecosystems, interactions with humans are distinguished.•For all types of issue it is possible to ask fundamental and applied questions.•Urban ecology will likely be more and more influential in the development of ecology.•The future of towns, their biodiversity and the life of city dwellers is at stake.

Sébastien Barot Publication date: 2019/06/01
An abrupt decrease in Southern Hemisphere terrestrial temperature during the Eocene–Oligocene transition

Highlights•A new terrestrial record of the Eocene–Oligocene transition is presented.•Climate is reconstructed using stable hydrogen isotopes in volcanic glass.•Data indicate rapid cooling of ∼5 °C during the EOT, followed by a partial rebound.•Terrestrial temperature change is synchronous between hemispheres.•Terrestrial temperature correlates with atmospheric pCO2 change.

David Auerbach Colwyn Publication date: 2019/04/15
Ecology Sports Studies Carried Out in School Sports

AbstractIn the 1970 s, people began to care for the environment and concern about the ecology thinking in sports, to study the modern sports facing the ecology problems, to explore “people, sports, environment” the harmonious development of the way. In the paper from the actual conditions of the school briefly discuss the advantages of carrying out 3.3 no complete teaching schemas and the main difficulties it faces, and then propose appropriate measures to provide a theoretical basis for the ecology sports better carried out in school sports.

Xia Shuyu Publication date: 2012/01/01
Acclimation to temperature by the terrestrial gastropods, Limax maximus and Philomycus carolinianus: Oxygen consumption and temperature preferences

Abstract1.1. Oxygen consumption and temperature preference of two slug species were determined after acclimation to different temperatures.2.2. Both species show metabolic compensation at some temperatures but the pattern of acclimation differs between the species. No clear relationship of size to oxygen consumption could be found for either species.3.3. Temperature preference of Limax maximus is altered subsequent to temperature acclimation; responses of Philomycus carolinianus indicate no such alteration.4.4. Responses to the parameters measured seem to reflect adaptations to the natural environment rather than phylogenetic relationships.

Trudy L. Rising Publication date: 1969/09/15
The conservation implications of mixed-species flocking in terrestrial birds, a globally-distributed species interaction network

Highlights•Of global bird species, 19% have been recorded in terrestrial mixed-species bird flocks (TMSF).•TMSF in more human-disturbed areas have 1/4 fewer species, 1/3 fewer individuals.•Disturbance changes predation/foraging drivers, and pool of species that can join.•‘Nuclear’ species in TMSF may influence other species' fitness.•We rank nuclear species by their consistency to lead and number of followers.

Fasheng Zou Publication date: 2018/08/01
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